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A roofer in a hard hat on a steep shingle roof at dusk, with open dark sky on the left.

Sort the exterior jobs that matter before a sale

Punch List helps buyers, sellers and new owners in Massachusetts work out which exterior problem to fix, replace or leave alone. It is for the decision that comes before a sale or after an inspection report, when the list of problems is long and the money is not.

  • Gutters
  • Fascia
  • Soffit
  • Shingles
  • Flashing
  • Siding
  • Windows
  • Doors
  • Decks
  • Downspouts
  • Chimney
  • Skylights
  • Ice dams
  • Vents
  • Trim
  • Valleys

A guide that reads the source before it says anything

Punch List is an independent guide to the exterior work a Massachusetts house tends to need before a sale or after an inspection report. It does not do the work it describes, and it does not rank the businesses it mentions. We read the sources named on each page, check each claim against them, and say where a source stops. When a source is old, or covers one region only, the page says so right beside the claim. A reader can therefore see what a sentence rests on before acting on it.

A job that can wait should be told so plainly, before anyone starts it.

This guide has not hired, used or tested any business it points to, and it says so wherever a business is named. A reader in Methuen weighing siding can look at the page Senco Home Services keeps on siding in Methuen, and check that page against the questions on this site before deciding anything. The guide points to Senco Home Services because it is a Tewksbury roofing contractor with a listing shown on this page. The next step is the same for any trade: ask what the work involves, and compare the answer with the guidance here.

A tradesman in a canvas jacket sitting on a pitched roof ridge in morning mist.
A generated image of a tradesman on a roof ridge. It shows no particular firm, no town and no one who runs this guide.

Four jobs a homeowner asks about first

A roofer working on a pitched shingled roof with a ladder beside him.

Roof repair and replacement

A missing shingle, a flashing that has lifted, or a roof near the end of its life are the usual reasons a homeowner asks about a roof. The first question is rarely the shingle itself. It is whether water has already got past the covering and reached the decking or the ceiling below, and that question comes before any question of age or appearance.

Gutters, downspouts and ice dams

Clogged or undersized gutters, and a downspout that dumps water beside the foundation, can hold water at the eave. An ice dam needs snow on the roof, heat from the house to melt it, and cold at the eave to refreeze the meltwater. Remove any one of the three and the dam stops, which is why the fix often starts in the attic. UMass Amherst's article on preventing ice dams sets out those three conditions in plain terms.

Siding and trim

Vinyl and fiber-cement siding, with the trim and fascia where water gets behind it. The Polymeric Exterior Products Association's installation manual widens the gap at corner posts to 3/8 inch below 40 degrees F, so the install date can matter as much as the product. A job done in a cold snap needs the same checks as one done in May, plus a closer look at the joints.

Windows, doors and decks

Is a window fogged, or is water getting in at the sill? Those are different problems, and a deck with soft boards is a third kind of question. A fogged double-pane window and a leaking sill can look alike from the inside. The answer decides which job comes first.

Fix whatever lets water in before anything that only shows.
Punch List, on where to begin

What each part of this guide answers for

Two parts do the work on every page, and a reader can check both. The guide picks each question and checks each figure against the source named beside it. The sources are published pages a reader can open, and no figure taken from them is rounded or extended on the way to this site.

The guide
Picks each question, checks each figure against the source named beside it, and decides what the site leaves out.
The sources
Government pages, a state efficiency program, university extension and building-trade publications, and published cost reports. Each one is named where it is used.

Readers who want to judge the business itself should read what Senco Home Services says about itself. That is the one source on this page that speaks for the business, and this guide does not speak for it. The guide's own pages cover the work a homeowner faces, whichever firm ends up doing it.

  • Flashing
  • Valleys
  • Gutters
  • Downspouts
  • Eaves
  • Ice dams
  • Siding joints
  • Window seals
  • Skylight seals
  • Trim caulk

Start with the one problem in hand

Most exterior decisions begin with a problem a reader can already see: a ceiling stain, an overflowing gutter, ice at the eave, cracked siding or a fogged window. The decision helper asks where the water shows, how old the part is, and whether a sale or an inspection report is driving the decision. It then prints a recommendation with its reasoning step by step, so a reader can disagree with a step rather than with a bare verdict. The helper cannot see the house, and its result says so every time.

Senco Home Services appears here as one place to begin for roof repair in Chelmsford. The business is a Tewksbury roofing contractor, and its listing is shown on this page. A leak that a roofer needs to look at is a question for a roofer, and the helper's result will say so. Start with the helper, then take its result to whoever is going to look at the roof.

Two installers carrying long metal sections across a driveway at dusk.
An overflowing gutter is one of the problems the helper asks about. The picture is a generated image and shows no particular firm.

Pick the next page by the question in front of you

A tutorial on how a roof is installed

An outside channel's walk-through shows what a complete standard roof installation involves, so an estimate can be read against it. It is not a guide to repairing a leak, and the channel is not connected to this guide. Watch it for the sequence of the work, then compare that sequence with the quote on the table.

A tutorial from the Roofing Insights channel on installation practice.

Send a correction or a question the pages missed

This guide has no email address, phone line or street address of its own, so nothing here is a place to book a job or ask for a quote. Corrections, a question the pages missed and a topic worth covering go through the Editorial Contact page. That page sets out what to include, so a message can be acted on rather than read and set aside. A message about one specific job is outside what this guide can answer.